Pneumatic polishing-tool.



No. 691,740. Patented Jan. 2a,` |902.

J. w; BIRKENSTOCK. PNEUMATIG POLISHING TOUL.

(Application led Feb. 25, 1901.)

(No Model.)

lay-L Wifi Ai s l ZA/6MM WTA/ES A TTOHNEYS ciNrrnn STATES PATENT ptica.

JOI-IN W. BIRKENSTOCK, OFv NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT ANDMESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE EMPIRE PNEUMATIO -TOOL COMPANY, OF

NEW YORK, N. Y.

PNEUMATIC POLISHING-TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Patent N o. 691,740, dated January28, 1902. Application led February 25, 1901- Serial No. 48,777. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom n may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. BIRKENSTOCK, acitizen of the United States,residing in New York, vborough of Manhattan, in the State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Grindingand Polishing Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved grind- 1o ing and polishing toolwhich is operated by compressed air and which is intended to be used forgrinding` and polishing marble and other stones in an effective'anduniform manner; and the invention consists of a pneu- I5 matic grindingand polishing tool which comprises a cylindrical casing, a tubularspindle, a paddle-wheel within said casing, a shaft for saidpaddle-wheel, supply-channels connecting the tubular spindle forsupplying com- 2o pressed air to said paddle-wheel, outlet-channels forpermitting the escape of the expanded air, and a socket for the shank ofthe grind-- ing-tool attached to the outer end of the paddle-wheelshaft; and the invention consists, further, of certain details ofconstruction and combinations of parts, which will be fully describedhereinafter and finally pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1- 3o represents a side elevationof my improved pneumatic grinding and polishing tool. Fig. 2 is avertical central section of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1.Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4 4, Fig.v 2. Fig. 5 is a 3 5horizontal section on line 5 5, Fig. 2 5 and Figs. 6, 7, and 8 arerespectivelya' side elevation, a top view, and a bottom view of thesocket connection between the tubular spindle and the casing of thepaddle-wheel.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the casing of my improvedpneumatic grinding and polishing tool. The casing A is made cylindricalat its lower part and provided with a conically-tapering upper vpartthat is recessed at opposite sides, so as to form a yoke orbridge-shaped portion A. The casing A is closed at the lower part by ahead A2, which 5o is provided with a circumferential screwthreadedshoulder and rim, by which it is Screwed to the'lower end of the casingA. The upper portion Af of the casing A is provided with a centralsocket A3, into which is yscrewed the lower threaded end of a tubularspindle B, which is coupled at its upper end bya tubular coupling B andan exteriorsleeve B2 with'a suitable source of compressed air by meansof a flexible hose or otherwise. The tubular coupling B is `providedwith lateral 6o channels that areconnected with the tubular bore of thespindle B, so that the air under pressure is not admitted directly intosaid bore, but supplied through the lateral channels of the coupling B.Between a shoulder b of the spindle B and the upper end Aof the socketAsof the casing A is interposeda sleeve C, the lower portion C of whichin the socket A3 is of smaller diameter than the upperA or main portionof the sleeve', so as to form an 7.o annular shoulder b', which isfitted into a corresponding annular groove in the upper end of thesocket A8 of the casing A, as shown clearlyin Fig. 2. The upper end ofthe sleeve C is provided at diametrically opposite points '75 withnotches b2, of which one is engaged at a time by a spring-actuated boltd, which is secured in a recess of the spindle B, said recess beingclosed by a plate cl, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. The spindleB isprovided in its 8o lower end Within the socket A3 with lateral channelse, thatextend at right angles with the bore of the spindle B, saidchannels be-l ing within the lower portion O of the sleeve C, so as tobe covered by the same. The lower portion O of the sleeve C is providedat one point in its circumference with a port e', which may be made toregister with either one of the lateral channels c of the spindle whenthe sleeve is turned around the spindle. 9o When the aperture e in thelower part C of the sleeve registers with one or the other of thechannels, it is locked in this position by the spring-actuated bolt o3,engaging one or the other ofthe notches b2 in the top part of 95 thesleeve O, as shown in Fig. 2.V The lateral channels e of the spindle Bare connected by downwardly-extending channels e2, that are arranged inof the casing,

the yoke or bridge portion A with the interior space of the Ioo lo\verends of which are diand terminated by ports e3. A paddle-wheel lV isarranged at the interior of the casing A, the shaft ot which issupported in bearings of the socket A3 and of the head A2. Thepaddle-wheel W may be arranged as a single or double row of paddles, thereversing of the motion of the paddlewheel being accomplished accordingas the compressed air is supplied from the tubular spindle through porte3 of one or the other of the channels e2 to opposite sides of thecasing. Vhen ltwo rows of paddles are arranged, the left-hand channelcommunicates with the upper row of paddles and the right-hand channelwith the lower row of paddles, as shown clearly in Fig. 2. Adjacent tothe supply-channels e2 are arranged discharge-ports e4 in the casing, asshown in Figs. l and 4L, so as to permit the expanding of the air fromthe casing of the paddle-wheel to the outside. To the lower end of theshaft of the paddlewheel XV is attached an intermediate double socket F,the upper socket of which has an interior screw-thread into which thelower end of the paddle-wheel shaft is screwed and retained by theclamping-nutf, while into the lower socket is inserted the grooved shankof the grinding-tool G, said shank being firmly retained by means of aclamping-screwj, as shown in Figs. l and 2. The double socket F ispreferably made in hexagonal or other shape, so as to be readily appliedto or removed from the shaft of the paddle-wheel by means of a wrenchand permit thereby an exchange of tools. The grinding-tool G is composedof a socket g and a steel grindingplate g', said plate being retainedthe socket in any suitable manner.

The two lateral channels e in lthe tubular spindle and the twosupply-channels e2 in the casing A A' serve for the purpose ofpermitting the reversal of the motion of the grinding-tool when desired.Air under pressure is supplied through the bore ofthe tubular spindleand the connecting supply-channels to the paddle-wheel, so as to rotatethe same in one or`the opposite direction, according as the sleeve C andits supply-port c is placed in connection with one or the other supply-channel e and downwardly-extending channel e?. After the force otthe compressed air is exerted on the paddle-wheel the expanded air ispermitted to escape through the dischargeport e, located at the oppositeside of the casing.

casing, and the rected inwardly By intermittently reversing the motionot' the grinding-tool the even wearing off of the grinding-plate and theuniform grinding or polishing action of the tool on the marble or otherstone to be ground or polished is produced. For grinding acoarser-grained tool is used, while for polishing a finer-grained toolis required.

My improved pneumatic grinding and polishing tool has the advantages,further, that a continuous rotary motion is imparted to the grinding andpolishing tools; second, that the motion of the tool may be readilyreversed by the simple turning of the intermediate sleeve at the upperend of the casing through an angle of one hundred and eighty degrees,and,

` thirdly, that the tool can be conveniently controlled while at workand stopped by a short turn of the air-controlling sleeve by theattendant.

Having thus claim as new and Patent- 1. A pneumatic grinding andpolishing tool, consisting of a tubular spindle for the compressed air,a casing attached to the lower end of said spindle, a paddle-Wheel insaid casing, having a shaft journaled at the lower end of said spindle,air-supply channels in the spindle and casing for supplying air todialnet-rically opposite sides of the paddle-wheel, outlet-ports in thecasing adjacent to the supplychannels, reversing means for supplying airto one or the other of said supply-channels, and a polishing or grindingtool attached to the lower end ofthe shaft of the paddle-wheel, so thatthe spindle-shaft and 'tool are alined, substantially as set forth.

2. A pneumatic grinding and polishing tool, consisting of a tubularspindle, a casing attached to the lower end of said spindle, apaddle-wheel in said casing, the shaft of which is supported in bearingsof the casing, a grinding or polishing tool attached to the lower end ofthe paddle-wheel shaft, supply-channels connecting the center bore ofthe spindle with the interior, outlet-ports at opposite sides of thecasing, a reversing mechanism interposed between the upper end of thecasing and the spindle so as to supply air under pressure to one or theother supply-channels, and means for locking the reversing mechanism inregister with either one of the supply-channels, substantially as setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN W. BIRKENSTOCK.

Witnesses:

PAUL GOEPEL, JOSEPH H. NILEs.

described my invention, I desire to secure by Letters IOO IIO

